Sidney Lumet
Sidney Lumet (1924–2011) was an American director whose long career across television and feature film made him one of the most consistently engaged directors of postwar American cinema. A former child actor and live-television director, he turned to feature filmmaking with 12 Angry Men and produced a body of work that returned again and again to questions of institutional corruption, individual conscience, and the rituals of New York City. His acclaimed films include 12 Angry Men, Long Day's Journey into Night, Fail-Safe, The Pawnbroker, Serpico, Dog Day Afternoon, Network, Prince of the City, The Verdict, and Before the Devil Knows You're Dead.