Fritz Lang
Fritz Lang (1890–1976) was an Austrian-German director and screenwriter who shaped both German Expressionist cinema and the American crime film. Trained as an architect, he became a leading studio director at Ufa in the 1920s, producing monumental science fiction, fantasy, and thriller features that defined the visual language of early sound cinema. After fleeing Germany in 1933 he continued his career in Hollywood, refining a darker, more economical style across two decades of crime and war films. His acclaimed films include Dr. Mabuse the Gambler, Metropolis, M, Fury, The Big Heat, and While the City Sleeps.